Arteriovenous Fistula
Arteriovenous Fistula Causes
The formation and exact cause of the malformation is not yet known, though there are cases reported that it seems to develop during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Arteriovenous Fistula Definition
Arteriovenous Fistula is an abnormal passageway between an artery and a vein, which can either be present at birth, created surgically intended for hemodialysis treatments for patients with end-stage kidney failures, or acquired either by trauma or erosion of an aneurysm in an artery. As a disease, arteriovenous fistula is referred to as arteriovenous malformation, a congenital disorder of the connections between arteries and veins in the cardiovascular system of the body.
Arteriovenous Fistula Diagnosis
Doppler ultrasound study is used to detect abnormal movement of the arterial blood flow. Magnetic Resonance Imaging or Magnetic Resonance Angiography can confirm diagnosis, determine the extent of damage, and assist in the treatment planning stages. Diagnostic Angiography provides a clear-cut and well-defined mapping of the blood vessels in the suspected area.
Arteriovenous Fistula Symptoms and Signs
It can occur in any part of the body including the brain, lung, spleen, kidney, liver, and spinal column; either on isolation or as part of another disorder causing symptoms including decrease of blood supply to the tissue (tissue ischemia), pain, impaired mobility, and bleeding.
Arteriovenous Fistula Treatment
Treatment options include removal of lesion by means of surgery and embolization procedures.