Congenital hypothyroidism
Congenital hypothyroidism Causes
Congenital hypothyroidism is primarily caused by the child's iodine deficiency, as well as the dysgenesis of the patient's thyroid gland, abnormalities in the TSH receptor, deiodinase defects, and pendred syndrome.
Congenital hypothyroidism Definition
Congenital hypothyroidism is also medically referred to as endemic cretinism which is characterized by the inadequate production of thyroid hormone among newborn infants. This typically occurs due to an anatomic defect in the infant's gland, which is categorized as an inborn defect of iodine deficiency or thyroid metabolism.
Congenital hypothyroidism Diagnosis
The diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism is usually confirmed through the demonstration of the infant's elevated levels of TSH and the reduced levels of serum thyroid hormone. Some routinary laboratory testing can also be performed from time to time.
Congenital hypothyroidism Symptoms and Signs
Among the prevalent signs and symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism include jaundice, hypotonia, hoarse cry, constipation, poor weight and stunted growth, abnormally large fontanelles, umbilical hernia, developmental delay, excessively dry and mottled skin and goiter.
Congenital hypothyroidism Treatment
Treatments for congenital hypothyroidism value the importance of early diagnosis along with thyroid hormone replacement. It is best prevented through supplementation of iodine, which is usually found in salt. Other supplementary treatment include intramuscular injections of lipiodol or iodized oil in the body.