Conjoined Twins
Conjoined Twins Causes
Conjoined twins result when a single fertilized egg fails to split during the first two weeks after conception. The fertilized egg's degree and time of splitting determines the type of the conjoined twins. The cause of the delayed splitting is unknown.
Conjoined Twins Definition
Conjoined twins are identical twins that have failed to completely separate into two individuals usually joined at the chest, head, or pelvis. Some may even share one or more internal organs.
Conjoined Twins Diagnosis
An ultrasound reveals a single placenta and umbilical cord showing the signs of conjoined twins. It may also reveal a placenta without separating membranes.
Conjoined Twins Symptoms and Signs
Conjoined twins are classified by the way their bodies are joined. They may be thoracopagus twins who are joined at the chest; omphalopagus twins who are joined near the bellybutton; pygopagus twins who are joined at the base of the spine; ischiopagus twins who are joined at the pelvis; craniopagus twins who are joined at the head; craniopagus twins who share the same skull; parapagus twins who are joined extensively at their sides. Although most conjoined twins have separate arms and legs, some share them as well.
Conjoined Twins Treatment
Many parents choose to end the pregnancy due to quality of life issues and the possibility of successful separation. Continued pregnancy is closely monitored and a surgical delivery is performed. The twins may be surgically separated especially if one or the other has survival issues or affects the other twin's survival.