Hemifacial Microsomia
Hemifacial Microsomia Causes
Hemifacial microsomia usually occurs sporadically, but in some families it may be inherited. They may have certain genetic patterns such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and multifactorial. The condition occurs during fetal stages of pregnancy, where a vascular problem results in poor supply of blood to the face and causes clotting. There is no evidence that this is caused due to a mother's activities while she was carrying the child.
Hemifacial Microsomia Definition
Hemifacial microsomia is a congenital disease wherein the lower half of the face is undeveloped. The parts most commonly affected are the mandible, ears, and mouth, and can affect either one side of the face or both. Hemifacial microsomia may lead to complications in breathing, as it may obstruct the trachea.
Hemifacial Microsomia Symptoms and Signs
Symptoms of hemifacial microsomia include auricular deformities, asymmetry of face, and in severe cases, underdevelopment of: side of the skull, teeth, middle and external ear, teeth, upper and lower jaw, and some nerves involved in facial movement.
Hemifacial Microsomia Treatment
It is best to wait until the infant is slightly older to turn to surgery, although it is the most common form of treatment. If surgery is done during early phases, it may highlight the symptoms. Rib graft is a common correctional procedure.