Hypoaldosteronism
Hypoaldosteronism Causes
The main causes of hypoaldosteronism are hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism, primary adrenal insufficiency or an adrenal enzyme defect and pseudohypoaldosteronism, a rare condition characterized by aldosterone resistance. Hypoaldosteronism may also be caused by primary adrenal insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and medications such as certain diuretics, NSAIDs, and ACE inhibitors.
Hypoaldosteronism Definition
Hypoaldosteronism is a condition characterized by reduced levels of the hormone aldosterone. This condition may lead to a potentially serious disease called hyperkalemia. It can also led to hyponatremia.
Hypoaldosteronism Diagnosis
Hypoaldosteronism may be diagnosed through unexplained hyperkalemia, low aldosterone concentration and an attenuated aldosterone response to ACTH. Individuals suspected of suffering from this condition must be asked about the use of any drug or of having a disease that can impair the release of aldosterone. If none of these conditions are present, then testing for other aldosterone insufficiency must be conducted.
Hypoaldosteronism Symptoms and Signs
Symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include anorexia, asthenia, weight loss, hyperpigmentation and postural hypotension.
Hypoaldosteronism Treatment
Florinef/fludrocortisone is given to patients with severe mineralocorticoid deficiencies with significant metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia. Loop diuretics are used for elderly patients to avoid risk of hypertension due to fluid status. Patients are generally advised to stay clear of drugs that aggravate the condition such as ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors (NSAID) and potassium-sparing diuretics.