Noma
Noma Causes
Noma is usually caused by bacteria. The bacteria responsible for the development of this condition are known as fusospirochetal organisms. Majority of the children afflicted with this condition had other types of illnesses such as scarlet fever, measles, tuberculosis, immunodeficiency and cancer. Although the exact cause is unknown, malnutrition plays a major factor. Noma is not a communicable disease.
Noma Definition
Noma came from the Greek term numein which means to devour. This condition is also referred to as Cancrum Oris or Gangrenous Stomatitis. Noma is a form of gangrenous disease which leads to destruction of the tissues of the face. Commonly affected areas are the cheeks and mouth. Noma has significantly high rates of morbidity and mortality. A rough estimate of 80% had been reported. Children under the age of 12 years who are living in the poor countries of Africa have high predisposition to this disease. Asian children as well as several countries within South America also present a certain degree of predisposition. Majority of the children who develop Noma are around the ages 2 to 6 years old. An estimated number of 500,000 individuals had developed this disease according to the WHO. 100,000 new cases arise every year.
Noma Symptoms and Signs
Clinical presentation of Noma includes development of ulcers in the mucous membranes of the mouth. Later on, painless degeneration of tissues follows rapidly. This can also degrade facial bones and tissues. Noma can cause degradation of the children's faces usually within days. Noma Pudendi, another condition which is sometimes associated with Noma, can aggravate the disease by causing damages to the tissues of the genitals.
Noma Treatment
Treatment for this condition involves surgical procedures. Plastic surgery needs to be performed in order to restore the facial appearance of children.
Drugs used for treatment of Noma
Aldactone
Aldara
Celebrex
Dostinex