Here you can look through thousands of and diseases, ailments, medical conditions and illnesses. You can find the symptoms. Read about any ailment's diagnosis and find medications that can be used and the correct treatments that are needed.
Diseases, Illnesses & Ailments Starting from Letter J
- Jackson-Weiss syndrome
Jackson-Weiss Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by bone malformation including fusion of foot bones and premature joining together of some bones in the skull, which impedes the normal growth of the skull; thus create deformity to the face and head. [read more] - Jacobsen Syndrome
Jacobsen syndrome is a medical condition categorized as a very rare chromosomal disorder with the absence of chromosome 11q. It can be the cause of mild mental retardation, a characteristic facial appearance, and many medical problems like heart ailments and bleeding disorders. Generally, it affects numerous phases of mental and physical advancement. [read more] - Japanese Encephalitis
Japanese Encephalitis is a medical ailment caused by the mosquito-borne Japanese encephalitis virus. The mosquito Culex tritaeniorhynchus is the most significant carrier of the disease. Incidents of acquiring the disease are most common in Southeast Asian countries and the Far Eastern countries. [read more] - Japanese Encephalitis
It is a serious viral disease that is transmitted by infected mosquitoes in the agricultural areas of Asia. The virus infection affects the central nervous system and can lead to serious problems and even death. [read more] - Jarcho-Levin Syndrome
Jarcho-Levin syndrome is a rare, genetic disorder characterized by abnormalities in the axial skeleton; usually referred to as spinal column abnormalities. Due to some thorax malformations, patients suffering from Jarcho-Levin syndrome are at a higher risk for life-threatening pulmonary complications. It is also described as short trunk dwarfism with abnormalities in the thorax causing thoracic insufficiency. The vertebrate are fused, preventing the rib cage from developing properly, consequently the chest cavity becomes too small to be big enough for the growing lungs. [read more] - Jaundice
Jaundice is the yellowish staining of the skin and sclerae (the whites of the eyes) that is caused by high levels in blood of the chemical bilirubin. The color of the skin and sclerae is depending on the level of bilirubin. When the bilirubin level is slowly elevated, they are yellowish. When the bilirubin level is high, it tends to be brown. [read more] - Jaundice In Children
Jaundice in newborns is a condition where increased bile pigment causes yellowish skin and eyes. This is due to a congenital damage in the red blood cells. Infants suffering from this condition may be because of a prenatal mismatch between the Rh factor in their blood and that of their mothers. Jaundice can also be brought about by a temporary enzymatic defect called hyperbilirubinemia. [read more] - Jejunal Atresia
Jejunum is the central part of the small intestine, lying between the duodenum and the ileum. In Jejunal atresia, a part of the small intestine is completely absent or closed. Patients with this disorder are born with a missing stomach membrane fold connecting the small intestine to the abdominal back wall. Consequently, the jejunum twists around the marginal artery causing a blockage. This rare birth defect is also described as malformation of the jejunum. [read more] - Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Syndrome
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome is a rare medical condition; a type of Long QT syndrome. The disorder causes the muscles of the heart takes longer than average to recharge after every heartbeat. Once left untreated, the irregular heartbeats can lead to fainting and seizure attacks. Worse scenario would be sudden death. It is an autosomal recessive disorder that may cause loss of hearing (deafness). [read more] - Job syndrome
It was in the year 1966 that the Job syndrome was first described as the hyper-IgE/HIE or hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome which is a very rare immunodeficiency disease. This disorder can be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. HIE has changing expressivity and is linked with several other abnormalities. The general findings are recurring abscesses of the skin (this is why it is called the Job syndrome, derived from the biblical character Job); high IgE serum levels; pneumonia which comes with pneumatocele development; and dental, facial or skeletal defects. Most cases of this disorder are sporadic but there are cases of multiplex families who display autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant inheritance. Autosomal recessive individuals usually have acute molluscum contagiosm. Also, it is possible for neurological complications to develop because of other viral infections. The patients also lack dental or skeletal involvement and they do not develop cysts of the lungs. A few authorities have the belief that 2 separate syndromes are in existence, not just one. [read more] - Jock Itch
Jock itch, also known as tinea cruris, is a fungal infection of the skin in the groin. The warm, moist environment is the best place for the fungus to grow. [read more] - Johnson Munson Syndrome
The Johnson Munson syndrome or aphalangy, urogenital-intestinal and hemivertibrae dysgenesis is a very rare syndrome which has been observed in only three siblings. It is associated with aplisia of the phalanges of the feet and hands or hypoplasia; hermivertibrea, and several other intestinal and/or urogenital defects. Intrafamiliar variability is highly important as one of the three siblings (a sister) had fatal defects (pulmonary hypoplasia and Potter syndrome). The other brother who was also sick with the syndrome was in great health and he had a normal development of his psychomotor skills at the sixth month of age. [read more] - Joseph Disease
Joseph disease, also known in names such as the Machado-Joseph disease and spinocerebral ataxia type 3, is a rare disorder characterized by lack of muscle control. [read more] - Joubert Syndrome
Joubert syndrome is a genetic disorder that is very rare. This disorder affects the brain areas which control coordination and balance. It was first identified by a pediatric neurologist named Marie Joubert from Montreal in Canada. The physician was then working with McGill Neurological Institute. [read more] - Jumping Frenchmen of Maine
A part of every human's instinct of survival includes sudden reaction to unexpected stimulus. Often, the reaction is a startle which is a reflexive movement to get away from the stimulus. This reaction also causes change of blood pressure and respiration. Among normal people, this could only last for seconds but for those who suffer from Jumping Frenchmen of Maine disorder, the result could be very interesting (and in some cases, shocking). Jumping Frenchmen of Maine is a very rare disease which was originally described in 1878 by a certain George Miller Beard. [read more] - Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Juvenile dermatomyositis or JDM is an autoimmune disorder which causes vasculitis manifesting itself among children; and it is a pediatric equivalent of dermatomyositis. JDM manifests vasculitis an inflammation which is caused by the attack of the body's immune system to the blood vessels. In the US, the rate of occurrence of JDM is estimated to be 3 in every 1,000,000 children annually. This is about 300 to 500 fresh cases every year or about 3,000 to 5,000 children. Other types of juvenile myositis include juvenile inclusion-body myositis (JIBM) and juvenile polymyositis (JPM). These two other types are very rare and are not that as common among children. The underlying cause of Juvenile dermatomyositis is still unknown. It is most probable that it has a genetic component such as other autoimmune diseases (inherited within the family). The most common triggering factors include infections, immunizations, sunburn and injuries. [read more] - Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy or JME is also called the Janz syndrome. This is a common type of idiopathic generalized epilepsy which represents 5-10% of all the types of epilepsies. This disease manifests primarily between the 12th-18th month and with myoclonus showing very early during the morning. Most of the patients also manifest absence and tonic-clonic seizures. Studies have shown at least six loci for JME of which 4 have specific causative genes. Most of the genes are ion channels together with the sole non-ion channel gene after manifesting effects on currents of ion channel. [read more] - Juvenile Plantar Dermatosis
A name given to a skin problem on the feet of children and may occasionally develop similar signs to the hands is called juvenile plantar dermatosis. Tending to gradually improve, it is seen most often in boys aged four to eight. Juvenile plantar dermatosis is also called sweaty sock syndrome where the sole of the forefoot becomes shiny and glazed. The top of the toes and other parts other parts of the feet may also be affected while toewebs are spared and the skin becomes scaly. Taking many weeks to heal, painful cracks (fissures) develop under the toes and on the ball of the foot. Sweaty sock syndrome is usually severe during the summer months. [read more] - Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
JRA or Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is not just a single illness. It is, in fact, a group of illnesses of unidentified etiology. The manifestation is a chronic inflammation of the joint. Treatment advances in the last thirty years have altered the prognosis for the more acute types of this disease. The first treatment is limited with only the use of salicylates and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs. The initial treatment resulted into numerous patients being bound to their wheelchairs. Some patients tried synovectomies to get rid of tissue excesses which result from uncontrolled arthritis. The second-line medicines that were added have improved the prognosis for those who suffered from JRA. It started with gold salt injection and gradually replaced by MTX or methotrexate which is a more effective solution. These drugs are administered with team approach background in centers of pediatric rheumatology. In there, occupational and physical therapies have allowed much improved physical functions. The introduction of etanercept (which is a biologic enemy of tumor necrosis factor or TNF) has introduced a new era in treatments. A few more biologic agents such as the anakinra (which is an IL-1 or interleukin-1 receptor opponent) could be used in some patients who are not responsive to second-line medication. The future holds an inhibition of IL-6 which could be effective in systemic sufferers with JRA with high levels. [read more] - Juvenile-Onset Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is one of the most complex of all psychological health disorders. It is a severe, chronic, and disabling disturbance of the brain that leads to distorted thinking, strange feelings, and unusual behavior and use of language and words. [read more]